15:Condyloid Joint and Saddle Joint:
Condyloid joints allow movement in two planes, typically flexion/extension and abduction/adduction. They have an oval-shaped articular surface that fits into a concave depression. Condyloid joints offer a combination of movements and provide stability. The joint at the base of the index finger is a condyloid joint.
Condyloid Joint:
- Condyloid joint, also known as an ellipsoidal joint, is a type of synovial joint in which an oval-shaped condyle of one bone fits into an elliptical cavity of another bone.
- Description: Condyloid joints allow for movement in two planes, primarily flexion and extension, as well as abduction, adduction, and circumduction.
- Examples: The radiocarpal joint in the wrist is a classic example of a condyloid joint. The rounded condyle of the radius bone articulates with the elliptical cavity of the carpal bones.
- Function: Condyloid joints provide stability while allowing for a variety of movements, making them important for fine motor skills and dexterity.
Saddle Joint:
- Saddle joint is a type of synovial joint that resembles a rider sitting in a saddle.
- Description: In a saddle joint, the articulating surfaces of the bones are concave in one direction and convex in the other, allowing for movements in multiple planes.
- Examples: The carpometacarpal joint of the thumb is a prime example of a saddle joint. The trapezium bone of the wrist articulates with the base of the first metacarpal bone.
- Function: Saddle joints enable a wide range of movements, including flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and opposition. They provide stability and precision, allowing for intricate movements of the thumb and fingers.
Saddle Joint:
- Saddle joint is a type of synovial joint that resembles a rider sitting in a saddle.
- Description: In a saddle joint, the articulating surfaces of the bones are concave in one direction and convex in the other, allowing for movements in multiple planes.
- Examples: The carpometacarpal joint of the thumb is a prime example of a saddle joint. The trapezium bone of the wrist articulates with the base of the first metacarpal bone.
- Function: Saddle joints enable a wide range of movements, including flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and opposition. They provide stability and precision, allowing for intricate movements of the thumb and fingers.