Chapter 3: Joints (Arthrology)

14:Ball and Socket Joint:

A ball and socket joint is a type of synovial joint in which the rounded head of one bone fits into a cup-like socket of another bone.

• Description: The ball and socket joint allows for a wide range of movement in multiple planes, including flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, rotation, and circumduction.

• Examples: The hip joint and the shoulder joint are prime examples of ball and socket joints. In the hip joint, the rounded head of the femur articulates with the cup-shaped socket (acetabulum) of the pelvis. In the shoulder joint, the rounded head of the humerus articulates with the shallow socket (glenoid fossa) of the scapula.

• Function: Ball and socket joints provide excellent range of motion and allow for movements in multiple directions. They offer stability and support, while still allowing for significant movement.