7.Appendicular Skeleton:
The appendicular skeleton consists of the bones of the limbs and their associated girdles. It includes the bones of the upper limbs (arms) and lower limbs (legs), as well as the pectoral girdle (shoulder) and pelvic girdle (hips).
The upper limb bones consist of the humerus (upper arm bone), radius and ulna (forearm bones), carpals (wrist bones), metacarpals (palm bones), and phalanges (finger bones). These bones work together to provide strength and mobility to the arms and hands.
The lower limb bones include the femur (thigh bone), tibia and fibula (lower leg bones), tarsals (ankle bones), metatarsals (foot bones), and phalanges (toe bones). These bones support the weight of the body, facilitate walking and running, and provide a base for balance and stability.
The pectoral girdle, consisting of the scapulae (shoulder blades) and clavicles (collarbones), attaches the upper limbs to the axial skeleton. It provides stability and allows for a wide range of arm movements.
The pelvic girdle, composed of the hip bones (ilium, ischium, and pubis), connects the lower limbs to the axial skeleton. It supports the weight of the body and provides a strong foundation for walking, running, and other lower limb movements.
